Types of electric vehicle

Types of electric vehicle are:

1.Hybrid Electric Vehicle

2.Plug-in Hybrid Electric vehicle

3.Battery Electric Vehicle

4.Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that stores energy on board in two or more forms. In a typical hybrid electric vehicle one form is gasoline with an engine as a fuel converter. The other is a bidirectional electrical storage device. 

Advantages

1.Electric motor is not only used to start the gasoline engine  but also to support it at short stops and low speeds.

2. Less brake wear and other maintenance. 

 3.Up to 20% fuel savings.

Plug-in  Hybrid electric Vehicle

A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) uses an internal combustion engine to extend its cruising range,and produce the electric power needed to be supplied to its electric motor when charge level of the vehicle's  battery becomes low and reaches predetermined state of charge(SOC)

Advantages

1.Range not limited by the battery.

2.Most energy can come from electricity with relatively small (< 100 km range) battery.

Disadvantages

1.Drive train cost and maintenance.

2.Less energy and emission savings.

Battery Electric Vehicle/All Electric Vehicle

All-electric vehicles (EVs), also referred to as battery electric vehicles, have an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine. Because it runs on electricity, the vehicle emits no exhaust from a tailpipe and does not contain the typical liquid fuel components, such as a fuel pump, fuel line, or fuel tank.

Advantages

1.Electricity only power source.

 2.Runs entirely on cheap, small and      efficient electric motor.

3. Low maintenance.

4.One pedal driving with regeneration.

5.Big battery for long range.

6.Fast charging capability.

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

FC is one of the electrochemical energy devices, in which, hydrogen and oxygen are reacted to generate electricity to supply power to the load, with the by-product of water. FCEVs are such a great way to meet low-carbon society, as well as economic growth. The most straightforward structure is that only the FC is used as the power source to drive the vehicle, while the vast volume and weight are needed to meet the power requirement during a whole driving cycle due to the low

power density of the FC.

Advantages

1.Electric vehicle with hydrogen             range extender.

2. Small battery but long range.

3.Refuelling is very fast.

4.Efficiency is lower than FEV.

5.Future depends on price. developments in fuel cells, storage  and electrolysis.

Disadvantages

1.Very expensive.

2.The danger of electrical shock and flammability of fuel.